forme locale (E,B) | forme intégrale (E,B) | potentiels (φ,A) |
∇ · E = ρ / ε0 | ∮S E dS = q / ε0 | ∇2φ − (1/c2) ∂2φ/∂t2 = − ρ / ε0 |
∇ · B = 0 | ∮S B dS = 0 | B = ∇ × A |
∇ × E = −∂B/∂t | ∮C E dL = − ∂(∫S B dS)/∂t | E = − ∇ φ − ∂A/∂t |
c2 ∇ × B = j / ε0 + ∂E/∂t | c2 ∮C B dL = (1/ε0) ( I(S) + ID(S) ) | ∇2A − (1/c2) ∂2A/∂t2 = − j / (ε0 c2) |
∇ · j + ∂ρ/∂t = 0 | ∮S j dS = − dq / dt |
A = A0 + ∇ Φ | φ = φ0 − ∂Φ/∂t |
Lorentz | ∂μ Aμ = ∇ · A + (1/c2) ∂φ/∂t = 0 | => Equation 4D | ∂μ ( ∂μAν − ∂νAμ ) = ∂μ Fμν = jν |
Coulomb | ∇ · A = 0 |